In Anglo in 1840, Esther A. Howland began selling the first mass postcards Valentine, known as "valentines" with symbols like a heart or Cupid, but with the Internet boom has spread the custom of exchanging e-cards. Also on this day is common tradition of giving roses to those people who have a special affection.
There are several theories that give this date the origin of Valentine's Day. In the Nordic countries during this period when birds pair up and mate, which is why this period is seen as a symbol of love and creation.
Some believe it is a Christianized pagan holiday, as in ancient Rome was made the worship of the god of love, whose Greek name was Eros, whom the Romans called Cupid. This celebration is called for the favors of God through of gifts or offerings to achieve and find the ideal love.
Manifestations of love or friendship
Since the nineteenth century in England began the exchange of mass-produced postcards. This practice was added to give other gifts such as roses and chocolates, usually gifts from men to women. In the United States, this celebration also became associated with a platonic greeting of "Happy Valentine's', sent men to their girlfriends.
is common gift of roses between the couple, friends or relatives, so much so that the color of the rose determines the message is meant to convey. For example, the red rose symbolizes love, the white represents peace and also the yellow and blue friendship.
Calendar
Swedish (February 14, 1712) showing the Valentine's Day.
Valentine of Terni, in Lives of Saints (Montbaston Richard et al., Paris, XIV century).
Valentine staff (Wittenberg, 1502-1503, 91 x 49 cm) of Lucas Cranach (1472-1553) in the gallery Gemälde Vienna (Austria).
relics of Saint Valentine, in the church Santa Maria in Rio Tinto (Roma), facing the Plaza de la Boca Verdad.La first association between romantic love and Valentine's Day is in the Parlement of Foules (1382) English poet Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400):
Because this was the Valentine's Day, when each bird came here to choose their partner.
Chaucer wrote this poem to honor the first anniversary of the compromise between King Richard II of England to Anne of Bohemia. A treaty was signed on this married on May 2, 1381. They married eight months later, when King was 13 or 14 and she 14.
In the liturgical calendar, the birthday is May 2 Valentine of Genoa. This St. Valentine was a bishop of Genoa who died around AD 307. Readers incorrectly assumed that Chaucer was referring to February 14 as Valentine's Day. However, in England in February is not suitable for the birds to mate.
The Parliament of Foules is presented in a fictional context of an ancient tradition, but the fact is that there was no such tradition before Chaucer. [1]
The explanations are speculative in a "ancestral custom sentimental," which appears as a historical fact, has its origins in the antique dealers in the seventeenth century, especially in Alban Butler, author of Butler's Lives of Saints (lives of saints, of Butler ) and to respectable historians have perpetuated. Most notably, "the idea that the custom of celebrating Valentine's Day comes from the Roman Lupercalia has been accepted with some criticism and has been repeated in various ways until today."
to the Second Vatican Council (1969), the Catholic Church recognized eleven Valentine's Days. And on 14 February is celebrated at least three:
Valentine of Rome (Valentinus Presb. m. Romae): a Roman priest who was martyred about AD 269 and was buried on the Via Flaminia. His relics are in the Church of Santa Práxedes in Rome. [2] and Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church in Dublin (Ireland).
Valentine of Terni (Valentinus ep. Interamnensis m. Romae): around the year 197 was made bishop of Interamna (modern Terni). Also buried on the Via Flaminia, but in another place that St. Valentine. His relics are at the Basilica de San Valentín in Terni (Basilica di San Valentino).
A third saint named Valentine (according to Catholic Encyclopedia) was mentioned in early martyrologies under the same date (14 February). It only says that he was martyred in Africa with several companions.
Some sources [citation needed] say the Valentine linked with love is the Valentine of Rome. Others [citation needed] say it's St. Valentine of Terni. Some scholars (such as Jesuit philologists Boland) [citation needed] conclude that both would be the same person. Anyway, in the hagiographies of both martyrs (Written in the early Middle Ages) there is no romantic element.
fertility festival in February
mid twentieth century have created a link between Valentine's Day celebrations and a pair of Greco-Roman. This apparent myth has spread well in culture are very common and abundant references on Internet sites, but reliable sources, such as Professor Jack Oruch (University of Kansas) before Chaucer replies that there was no relationship between love this day. Why is not related to the fact that in the calendar of ancient Athens, the period between mid January and mid February was the month of Gamelion, dedicated to the sacred marriage of Zeus and Hera. [3]
This
Valentine's Day also relates to the Lupercalia, which took place on 15 February in ancient Rome. It was an archaic rite connected to fertility, without overtones of romance, in honor Luperco faun. Plutarch wrote:
Lupercalia, about which many wrote that formerly held the shepherds, and has some relationship to the parties Liceas (Arcadia). At that time many of the young nobles and many judges came and went naked through the city-for fun and laughter, slapping passersby with stubby lashes. And by the way also crossed with them many women of rank, who as students were presented with their hands so that they stick together, believing they were pregnant easier childbirth, and the tailings could be fertilized. [4]
The word Lupercalia comes from lupus, 'wolf', so this event could be linked with the legendary she-wolf that suckled Romulus and Remus. The luperci (priests of the creed) sacrificed animals (two goats and a dog) in the Lupercal, said cave where Romulus and Remus were grown. Blood was splattered on the streets of Rome to bring fertility to women and keep away the wolves of the fields. [5] The Lupercalia was a local village festival in Rome. Between 13 and 14 February (or the day before the Lupercalia) is more general rejoicing of Iuno Februa (Purificadora Juno or Juno Casta). Pope Gelasius I (who reigned between 492 and 496) abolished Lupercalia.
the day in different countries:
Valentine's Day is typically Western, dating back to Germanic Europe (including the current United Kingdom) where would the United States where much of the world, but has now spread to other countries China, Japan and Taiwan.
In Brazil, the so-called 'Dia dos Namorados' (day of the couple) is 12 June. Change dating couples gifts and cards.
In Central America, also known as the Day of Love and Friendship or Sweetheart Day. Demonstrated by people such as friends sharing secrets regalando rosas los hombres a las mujeres, chocolates y pequeños detalles que demuestren amor y amistad.
En China ya existía el Qi Qiao Jie (día para mostrar las habilidades’), celebrado el séptimo día del séptimo mes del calendario lunar.
En Chile se conoce como día de los enamorados, siendo un día donde las parejas (sea pololos, novios o esposos) celebran el amor y la unión del uno con el otro.
En Colombia se conoce como El Día del Amor y la Amistad y no se celebra el 14 de febrero sino en septiembre, pues en la mayor parte del país February is the month of the school term and also because it holds one of the most important holidays of the country: The Carnival of Barranquilla, Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. It is common to the tradition of "secret friend", which involves inserting a small paper cup with the names of participants, then everyone will be pulling out a paper and give a present to the person whose name tells the paper.
in Costa Rica is called "Valentine" also "Valentines Day" and is celebrated between couples, family and friends.
is usually held in Ecuador February 14 with roses, cards, serenades, dinner nightly between married couples, boyfriends and friends.
in Egypt on Nov. 4.
In Spain, the festival began to celebrate mid-twentieth century, with the motive of encouraging the purchase of gifts. It is often said that this event was introduced by the chain of department stores Galeries Preciados. Held on 14 February. In Catalonia, the Valentine's day is celebrated on April 23, coinciding with the feast of Sant Jordi.
In Japan, besides the festival of Tanabata-local version of Qi Chinese Jie Qiao, Valentine's Day has been held since February 1958, initially driven by the chocolate company Morozoff. A special, highlighting the fact that women are the ones they give chocolates to men, whether family, friends or colleagues. In the latter case, the gift becomes almost an obligation, they must give them chocolates to all their colleagues giri-choco, giri, 'duty', and chocolate: chokoreeto short for 'chocolate'). For the man who truly loves the woman gives the honmei choco. As a kind of compensation, invented by the bakers in 1980, the men return the favor a month later, el 14 de marzo, celebración conocida como White Day (‘día blanco’), en el que se suelen regalar obsequios de color blanco, como chocolate blanco, malvaviscos o incluso ropa interior.[6]
En México se demuestra el amor entre novios o esposos regalando rosas y chocolate, pero también se festeja ese día con los amigos más cercanos intercambiando tarjetas.
En Perú esta fiesta se conoce como Día del Amor y la Amistad, en esta fecha el intercambio de tarjetas, peluches y bombones de chocolate rellenos, especialmente diseñados y decorados para esta ocasión son muy populares. Dentro de los most precious gifts are orchids native to the Peruvian flora.
In the Dominican Republic is known as "Valentine", "Day of Love and Friendship" and "Valentine's Day" is celebrated on February 14. It is customary to meet with friends, send postcards, chocolates, romantic dinners, etc. In some institutions are invited to wear red or pink and do activities such as angels, mailboxes, karaokes, serenades, exchanges, among others.
held in Venezuela on February 14, the day when the boyfriends, husbands, and friends, celebrate the day of love and friendship giving flowers, cards and chocolates, among the most common and meeting to share with the people closest.
held in Cuba on February 14 and is known as "day of love" or "Valentine" has become a tradition that on this day will deliver gifts and flowers your partner in centers where mailboxes are created express affection towards other people, be they friends or lovers. Young people wait with joy this day for so he can express what they feel love.
Held in Puerto Rico on 14 February is known as "Day of Love and Friendship", "Saint Valentine", "Valentine's Day", etc. It is customary among friends to exchange gifts, send cards and / or chocolates. Among couples is custom to give chocolates, roses, stuffed animals, shirts, perfumes, among other things. In workplaces and schools are peer exchanges, gift boxes are placed to send each other little notes and cards and wear red, etc.
References
1. ↑ Jack B. Oruch: "St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February (St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February), in Speculum 56.3, July 1981, pg. 534 to 565). Oruch literary research before Chaucer did not find any association between St. Valentine and love. The professor concludes that Chaucer would have been "the original creator of the myth" (Colfa.utsa.edu).
2. ↑ NovaReinna.com (Valentine's Day: The Legend of the Ghost).
3. ↑ Jack B. Oruch: "St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February "(Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February), in Speculum 56.3, July 1981 pg. 534 to 565).
4. ↑ Plutarch: Life of Caesar (Penelope.UChicago.edu).
5. ↑ How were the Lupercalia (TravelGuides.LastMinute.com
6. ↑ Troth Wells, Nikki van der Gaag (2006). Oxfam Publishing. Ed. The bitter sweetness Chocolate. p. 39. ISBN 8484524329. http://books.google.com/books?id=dG0CYvtUwuQC&pg=PA39&dq=japan+chocolate+saint+valentin&client=opera&hl=es.
articles in ADa_de_San_Valent http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/D% C3% ADn% C3%
So you know from Fitness Club
you We invite you to celebrate Valentine's Day
every day of the year.
www.vidasanaclub.com
0 comments:
Post a Comment